Rafael Jeroným Kubelík (29 June 1914 – 11 August 1996) Son of a well-known violinist, Jan Kubelík, he was trained in Prague, and made his debut with the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra at the age of 19. Having managed to maintain a career in Czechoslovakia under the Nazi occupation, he refused to work under what he considered a "second tyranny" after the Communist Czechoslovak coup d'état of 1948, and took refuge in Britain. He became a Swiss citizen in 1967. Kubelík was music director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (1950–53), musical director of The Royal Opera, Covent Garden (1955–58), and music director of the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra (1961–79), and was a frequent guest conductor for leading orchestras in Europe and America. As a composer, Kubelík wrote in a neo-romantic idiom. His works include five operas, three symphonies, chamber music, choral works, and songs. 
Jussi Jalas (June 23, 1908 – October 11, 1985) Jussi Jalas was born as Armas Jussi Veikko Blomstedt in Jyväskylä in 1908. His father was the architect Yrjö Blomstedt. He studied at the Helsingfors Conservatory 1923-30 (later renamed the Sibelius Academy), and then in Paris 1933-34, under Wladimir Pohl, Pierre Monteux and Rhené-Baton. He had further study in Germany, Austria and Italy before returning to Finland. He changed his surname to Jalas in 1943. He taught at the Sibelius Academy from 1945 to 1965, and was the music director of the Finnish National Opera from 1945. He conducted the Finnish premieres of Britten's operas Peter Grimes and The Rape of Lucretia. His wife Margareta Sibelius was the daughter of Jean Sibelius, and virtually every one of his concerts included a work by his father-in-law. His own works included orchestral works, piano music and songs. He died in Helsinki in 1985, aged 77. ******************************** Bedřich Smetana Hakon Jarl, Op. 16 Richard III, Op.11 Wallenstein's Camp, Op.14 Sinfonie-Orchester des Hessischen Rundfunks Rafael Kubelík 14.10.1972 Jean Sibelius Symphony No. 7 in C major, Op. 105 Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra Jussi Jalas 09.09.1965 (live) ******************************** | 
